A superstructure is an existing structure that has been extended upward above a baseline. Any physical structure, including buildings, bridges, and ships, can be referred to by this phrase. When it comes to building, the part of a structure that is built above ground and fulfils the needs of the intended usage is referred to as the superstructure.
A building’s superstructure is essential because it acts as the main structural support and framework for the entire structure above the foundation. It ensures stability, safety, and durability by bearing and distributing loads. The superstructure is a crucial component of the building’s overall integrity and utility since it defines the architectural style and functional areas.
The Superstructure stage is made up of various sub-stages, like:
Columns and first flight of staircase
Floor slabs and beams
Roof slab and beams
Sunken slabs
Overhead water tanks, etc.
When the following procedures are followed, superstructure construction in India can occur at any time of year:
Avoid concreting activity if the atmospheric temperature goes beyond 40°C
Begin concreting early in the morning during summer to prevent excess water evaporation from afternoon heat.
Sprinkle aggregates with water before mixing the concrete to bring down their temperature
Due to winter temperature variations, cover the concrete surface immediately after completing the concreting.
Water cement ratio should be properly controlled while doing concreting in winter season
During monsoon, materials like cement, sand and aggregates should be kept covered in a dry area
Time required to complete the superstructure:
Approx. 30 days for a 750 sq. ft. home and approx. 45 days for a 1000 sq. ft. home. Note: Work for slab and beams cannot start until the formwork for the columns has been removed. At all costs, avoid using marble chips/stone chips as cover blocks and early removal of formwork. Make sure to give proper time for curing of concrete.
Preferably, substructure should be finished before the rainy season in order to: